Monday, December 28, 2015

Non Fiction Text Features

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

http://www.yourdictionary.com/table-of-contents

http://images.slideplayer.com/15/4595851/slides/slide_4.jpg

PHOTOGRAPH:

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/nonfictiontextfeatures-130918213538-phpapp02/95/nonfiction-text-features-10-638.jpg?cb=1379540236

MAP:

http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/sites/default/files/images/blogs/82/6a00e54faaf86b8833014e5fa2b7a2970c

ITALIC PRINT:

http://broz11.wikis.birmingham.k12.mi.us/file/view/italics.jpg/307648382/italics.jpg

BOLD PRINT:

http://broz11.wikis.birmingham.k12.mi.us/file/view/text_features-1_Page_02.jpg/307643550/text_features-1_Page_02.jpg

INDEX:

http://images.slideplayer.com/15/4603445/slides/slide_4.jpg

ILLUSTRATION:

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/nonfictiontextfeatures-130918213538-phpapp02/95/nonfiction-text-features-11-638.jpg?cb=1379540236

HEADING:

http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/sites/default/files/posts/u133/images/text20feature20eric20heading1.jpg

GRAPH:

http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/sites/default/files/images/blogs/82/6a00e54faaf86b88330147e2fd8dfc970b-200wi

GLOSSARY:

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/nonfictionfeatures23ppt-120807101143-phpapp01/95/nonfiction-features-gr-13-12-728.jpg?cb=1344353116

DIAGRAMS:

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiduPCLlIeE9wBCUSjtf9lxcI47YEzpLX4posBOXVPNr7G9W8i9VlC6-dyQhyxPH07l3xMUYlKGxyiGVftfoeWCNSuAEVfQxhhKB1qgUVrhdUk-rvRuWbDXwcE8YcJTXvxlVTf0rQ5ha3s/s1600/Capture2.PNG

CAPTION:

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_tTp2mKKK-XuARVCJkWOHyXIhl2KgGEJnqn3sb_BfCyo8gNfiLlUufsaADVJJACkpHgqZhS9-jZF5oSjp_OEXPmka56TM7xRZygEi8Hg5n396u4zMD8BVcztKtz68Tyk6V8LXHm5TvTs/s1600/Capture.PNG

Monday, October 19, 2015

Prather

FACTS:

Prather is located in California in the county of Fresno.

The zipcode is 93651.

It has an elevation of 1657 feet

It is located 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Fresno

In 2011 Sierra Elementary and Auberry Elementary Schools closed their sites and elementary students began going to school at Foothill Elementary which was once Foothill Middle School.

There are 1,653 people living in Prather as of 2014.

BUSINESS:

You will find the majority of mountain businesses located in Prather.
Here you can visit the Prather Shopping Center where MarVal grocery store, Velasco's Mexican Restaurant, YoTown Yogurt, second hand stores, CVS, Central Valley Community Bank, gas stations, nail and hair salons, hardware stores, realty groups and doctors.
The High Sierra Ranger District is located in Prather.

HISTORY::

The name "Prather" honors Joseph L. Prather who came to California in 1872.

In 1912 Ben Kneeland and his wife left Selma for 160 acres one half mile east of Prather on Hwy 168. They brought up 10 head of milk cows and took them three days to get the cows up to the foothills.

While the area of Prather carries the Prather name they never in fact owned property there. The original Prather Post Office was located near the corners of Auberry and Lodge Road. In 1914 George Kneeland moved to the area and wanted to establish the post office and wanted to name it Lodge. Lodge however was already being used by another post office so they decided to name it Prather since it was on Prather land. Here they built an adobe structure and sold beef, pork, apples, and wood to the power company.

In 1935 the post office was closed and reopened in 1936 by Carol Page in a new location at the "Y" of Auberry and Morgan Canyon Road. The store became Page's Store but the post office kept the name of Prather, and the location is now named for it.

photo from: Marvin L. Kientz Tales of the Sierra.

http://s3-media1.fl.yelpcdn.com/bphoto/R_poHp959c3cC1u4GSUYwQ/ls.jpg

Sources:

Kientz, Marvin. Tales of the Sierra. Marvin L. Kientz. 2007. Print

Monday, October 12, 2015

Tollhouse

FACTS:

Tollhouse is located in California the county of Fresno.

The zipcode is 93667

The town is 7 miles southwest of Shaver Lake.

As of 2014 the population was 2,156 people.

Tollhouse got its name because the road was once a toll road that lead from Sarver Peak to Pine Ridge.

It is 1,919 feet in elevation.

The town once had an elementary school called Sierra Elementary School that has been closed for nearly 5 years.

The tribal headquarters for Cold Springs Rancheria of Mono Indians of California.

BUSINESS:

Some businesses in the area include a restaurant named Humphrey Station, dog groomer, a market and grill named Tollhouse Market, a gas station, an automotive garage, and a post office.

HISTORY::

The town was created around the 1860's around a lumber mill.

In 1867 a mill operator named J. Humprehy's hired 2,000 Chinese laborers to build a road. They opened the toll road and charged 10 cents per head of loose cattle, 50 cents for a horse and a rider, one dollar for a buggy, $1.50 for a wagon with oxen, or two cents per head of sheep or hogs. The last toll was collected in 1878.

A village began to grow around the boom town and J. Morgan opened up a blacksmith shop.
Chuck Yancey built a hotel for the teamsters to stay while working on various jobs.

After Highway 168 was built, the town slowly grew quieter as many travelers going to Shaver or the ski are of China Peak used that route instead.

http://www.sierranevadageotourism.org/images/otc/input/content/350/sie657DA65FC1396D1A1.jpg

https://fbcdn-profile-a.akamaihd.net/hprofile-ak-xaf1/v/t1.0-1/c127.37.466.466/s160x160/281550_143911592355352_1866002_n.jpg?oh=b4564f363e4bc527ac77c0fab68921c7&oe=566FEE76&__gda__=1450727661_6f1ff63499aa3d50773e4d36c6626e70

http://i21.photobucket.com/albums/b300/GeneMalone/TollhouseRock.jpg

http://www.midcalminis.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Humphreys-Station-circa-2010.jpg

Information Resources:

http://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:0::NO::P3_FID:1660011

http://www.sierranevadageotourism.org/content/tollhouse-california/sieD697B750E21C6749D

California Yokuts Research Project

Welcome FOURTH Graders!

Today you will be taking notes on the Yokut Tribe using the internet. Please use the handouts your teacher provided to help you organize your notes as you learn about this tribe.

http://www.bsahighadventure.org/indian_lore/indian_map.gif

Use your Yokut Note Taking Sheet 1 for this website:

California Indians Fact Card: Yokuts

Use your Yokut Note Taking Sheet 2 for this website:
What-When-How: Yokuts

Have fun learning about the Yokuts!

Sunday, October 4, 2015

Auberry

FACTS:
Auberry is located in California in the county of Fresno.

The zipcode is 93602

It is a small mountain town east of Fresno.

The population in 2010 was 2,369 people.

Auberry got its name by mistake. It was supposed to be named after a man named Al Yarborough but it was mispronounced and recorded as "AUBERRY."

There are two main parts of Auberry: New Auberry and Auberry.

The town once had an elementary school named Auberry Elementary School that has been closed for almost five years.

BUSINESS:
Some businesses in the area include automotive repair shops like Paul's Auberry Garage, Bruce's Auto, and Dave's Auto.
There is a local market named Ponderosa Market that was built in the site of the old Burlow Hotel by Barney and Mary Amundsen. Across the street is Velasco's Mexican Restaurant.
Auberry is home to a cabinet makers, tavern owners, accountants, and yoga instructors.
Daddy Joe's Java Time was established in 1997 and still offers breakfast and coffee to customers.
Across the street from Java Time is a Fresno County Public Library called the Auberry Library.
Auberry has a post office, churches, Auberry Feed Store, and a dance studio called Studio on the Hill. The town includes eye doctors, physical therapy, dentists, a doctor, propane distributors, and veterinary services.

HISTORY:
In 1880 F.F. Witham built the first store on a dirt road
In 1912 a railroad was built called the San Joaquin and Eastern Railroad. The railroad was 56 miles long and took 157 days to complete using hand labor, horses, mules, and Fresno Scrapers. It was built to help construct the hydroelectric plant for Pacific Light and Power Company, now Southern Cal Edison to provide electricity to Southern California. The trains were used to carry lumber and agricultural product. Because the railroad was expensive, very crooked, and not a smooth ride, it was quickly nicknamed "The Slow, Jerky, and Expensive." The railroad was no longer needed and closed in 1933.

The train went through the town of Auberry and has a street named for it, the SJ+E Road. You can drive on this road today.

http://www.sierranevadageotourism.org/images/otc/input/content/350/sie8CA241C2C9300A920.jpg

http://auberrygarage.com/assets/images/auberry-garage.jpg

http://www.friendsofauberrylibrary.org/files/3714/1322/8447/AuberryLibrary_AuberryCA.jpg

http://www.gearedsteam.com/climax/images/san_joaquin_n_eastern_rr_105.jpg

Sources:

San Joaquin and Eastern Railroad:

http://www.sierranevadageotourism.org/content/historic-san-joaquin-eastern-railroad-grade/sie545C4FC5819EF0340

http://www.examiner.com/article/the-san-joaquin-eastern-was-one-slow-jerky-expensive-railroad

Auberry:

http://www.sierranevadageotourism.org/content/auberry-california/sie2BC90C0B0C1ED97DB

Our Town

Let's learn about where we live!

AUBERRY

PRATHER

TOLLHOUSE

Monday, September 14, 2015

The Desert

FACTS

There are three main deserts in California: the Mojave, Colorado and the Great Basin deserts. The Mojave Desert is bounded by the Tehachapi Mountains on the northwest, and the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains on the south. It extends eastward to California's borders with Arizona and Nevada and also forms portions of northwest Arizona. The Colorado Desert lies in the southeastern corner of California, between the Colorado River and the Transverse Ranges, and continues into Mexico and Arizona to the south and east, though in these areas it is called the Sonoran Desert. The Great Basin desert lies immediately to the east of the Sierra Nevada cordillera and extends eastward into the state of Nevada.

The desert is marked by very low rainfall. The Mojave Desert receives fewer than 13 inches of rain. Summer weather is dominated by heat. Temperatures can skyrocket to above 120 degrees. Autumn in the Mojave Desert is the most pleasant time to be there with temperatures between 70-90 degrees.

The Great Basin Desert is considered the "cold desert" because it is a higher elevation and gets 7-12 inches of rain yearly. There is even snow there sometimes!

The Colorado Desert has greater summer daytime temperatures and almost never has frost. It has two rainy seasons per year. One in the winter and late summer.

Source: http://www.ask.com/geography/california-desert-region-e50ce271a8fc2b39

CITIES

http://dogtrekker.com/userfiles//Desert-Region-Map_opt.jpg

CLIMATE

The California deserts include the hottest average temperature on the planet at Death Valley, and lowest land elevations in the U.S. Explore this amazing California attraction that offers incredible things to see and do. In the California deserts region are Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino and Inyo Counties. The Sonoran Desert in California is the LOW Desert, and the Mojave Desert is the HIGH Desert. As of 2014, the highest temperature ever recorded on the surface of the earth, 134 degrees Fahrenheit, was recorded at Death Valley National Park, part of the California desert region. There is very rare rainfall in this region. However, when it does rain plants are able to soak up water during this time and store it for months or even years.

Source: http://www.visitcalifornia.com/region/discover-deserts

For local valley weather:

http://www.weather.com/weather/today/l/USCA0406:1:US

ANIMALS

Foxes

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/08034/images/image028.jpg

Roadrunners

http://www.desertusa.com/birds/photos/993040_n.jpg

Snakes

http://s3.amazonaws.com/production.reserve123/images/product/451-5.jpg

Lizards

http://www.in-the-desert.com/enlarge/012lizard.jpg

PLANTS

The deserts of Joshua Tree National Park have giant boulders and alien-like yucca plants.

http://kenshikingsticks.homestead.com/yucca_1.jpg

Sagebrush

http://www.usu.edu/weeds/plant_species/nativespecies/nativespeciesimages/sagebrush/UT052102MD05_2.JPG

http://www.desertusa.com/flora/photos/No1mesquite-tree.jpg

Cactus

https://jimcaldwell.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/joshua-tree-and-the-desert-landscape_002.jpg

The Valley

FACTS

Although the term "the Valley" refers to an area stretching from Shasta to Kern, that area doesn't refer to a single community by any means.

The length of the valley is about 450 miles.

The Central Valley is the world’s largest patch of Class 1 soil. The soil produces many different varieties of food that feeds much of the state and other states as well!

6.5 million people live in the valley. About 6.5 million people live here and there are 12 metro areas in the Valley. It is one of the fastest growing regions in California. The largest city is Fresno the valley also includes the state capital, Sacramento. The Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, which run through the Central Valley, are fed mainly by the abundant rains and melting snows of the Sierra Nevada’s western flank. The development of ranching and agriculture in the valley progressed rapidly after the California Gold Rush in 1849. Because of the irrigation made possible by numerous dams and canals, the area now contains some of the richest farmland in the United States and produces more than 300 crops, including cotton, fruits (wine grapes, peaches, apricots), grains (wheat, rice), nuts (pistachios, almonds), and vegetables. With about 300 growing days per year, the valley produces about one-fourth of the food consumed in the United States.

Source: http://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Valley-California

CITIES

http://www.mastersuites.net/blog/7-mind-blowing-facts-about-central-valley-california

CLIMATE

Characterized by high temperature and low humidity in the summer and low temperature and high humidity in the winter. Both the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys exhibit this type of climatology.

Long ago, woods, grasslands, and wetlands covered the Central Valley. People filled in many of the wetlands to make farmland. Because of the Central Valley’s rich soil and long growing season, it supplies about half the country’s fruits, vegetables, and grains. With little rain in the summer, dams, channels, pumps, and ditches are used to bring water. The Valley climate makes it possible for farmers to grow crops year round.

Source: https://www.eduplace.com/ss/socsci/ca/books/bkd/ilessons/ils_gr4_ca_u1_c01_l3.pdf

For local valley weather:

http://www.weather.com/weather/today/l/USCA0406:1:US

ANIMALS

Muskrat

http://www.wildlifedamage.com/images/Charlottenburg_muskrat_small.jpg

Beavers

http://cdn.zmescience.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/beaver.jpg

Ducks

http://www.birdinginformation.com/wp-content/gallery/mallard_duck/mallard-duck-7a.jpg

Heron

http://antpitta.com/images/photos/herons/Great-Blue-Heron-tarcoles_1410.jpg

Newt

http://www.californiaherps.com/salamanders/images/ttorosabr306.jpg

PLANTS

Pampas Grass

https://e54055a024bc6fb58d47-f7df714a3b816a175961a96ef2278d84.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/5746-Pampas-Grass.jpg

Poppy

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/California_poppy_1.jpg

Blue Oak

http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/images/qdouglasiiform.jpg

Lupine

http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g148_f09/lecture_notes/transverse_ranges/bush_lupine1.jpg

Ceanothus

http://www.cptmedianews.com/almadenvalley/images/ceanothus.jpg

Mountain Region

FACTS

The California mountain region is made up of two main mountain areas.
The first is the Coast Ranges near the California coast. The second is the Inland Mountains consisting of the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Cascade Mountains.
The Cascade Mountains are unique because millions of years ago they were formed by volcanoes. When the lava oozed from the Earth's crust and cooled they hardened into mountains. One active volcano is Lassen Peak located in the Cascade Mountains.
The Sierra Nevadas span nearly 400 miles across California. The name Sierra Nevada is Spanish for "snowy range."
A mountain is considered a "mountain" if it reaches at least 2,000 feet above sea level.
The highest peak in the contiguous U.S. is Mount Whitney at 14,505 feet, located within the Sierra Nevada. Glaciers moved across the high mountains millions of years ago and carved deep canyons through the Sierra Nevadas. When the glaciers melted, hundreds of streams and lakes were created. In the higher elevations peaks of the mountains are covered with snow all winter long.

CITIES

http://www.citytowninfo.com/images/state-maps/california-reference.gif

CLIMATE

The Coastal Mountain range is located near the ocean and extends through two-thirds of the state. The coastal side is typically foggy, moist and cool, while on the eastern side, the temperatures are higher, and there is less precipitation.
California's large eastern Sierra Nevada range has a Mediterranean-like climate below 6,000 feet. Winters are wet and cool, while summers are warmer and drier. The highest regions have snow year-round, but most of it accumulates during the winter months.
http://www.ask.com/science/climate-california-s-mountain-region-306fc782b154bd61

Unique to the region is a phenomenon called the Rain Shadow Effect.
According to National Geographic A rain shadow is a patch of land that has been forced to become a desert because mountain ranges blocked all plant-growing, rainy weather. On one side of the mountain, wet weather systems drop rain and snow. On the other side of the mountain—the rain shadow side—all that precipitation is blocked.

In a rain shadow, it’s warm and dry. On the other side of the mountain, it’s wet and cool. Why is there a difference? When an air mass moves from a low elevation to a high elevation, it expands and cools. This cool air cannot hold moisture as well as warm air. Cool air forms clouds, which drop rain and snow, as it rises up a mountain. After the air mass crosses over the peak of the mountain and starts down the other side, the air warms up and the clouds dissipate. That means there is less rainfall.